The Role of Protein in Weight Loss and Maintenance
Research snapshot:
2015 meta-analysis finds higher-protein diets enhance weight management and reduce cardiometabolic risks.
2015 |
Meta-analysis |
Protein |
Weight management |
Overview.
The study concludes that higher-protein diets can improve body weight management, appetite, and cardiometabolic risk factors, though long-term dietary compliance is crucial for these benefits.
Background.
A team of researchers associated with various institutions, including Purdue University, the University of Missouri, and others, conducted this study. It was published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
Objectives.
The study aimed to explore the mechanisms of action and clinical health outcomes of higher-protein diets in weight loss and maintenance. It also sought to analyze the effects of protein on energy metabolism, appetite, and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Study design.
The study included meta-analyses of shorter-term, tightly controlled feeding studies and longer-term studies. It compared the outcomes of higher-protein energy-restriction diets with lower-protein diets, focusing on weight loss, fat mass, lean mass preservation, and other health metrics.
Results.
Shorter-term studies showed greater weight loss, fat mass loss, and preservation of lean mass with higher-protein diets. These diets also reduced triglycerides, blood pressure, and waist circumference. However, longer-term studies had limited and conflicting findings, with benefits seen only in those who adhered to the prescribed higher-protein regimen.
Conclusions.
Higher-protein diets (1.2-1.6 g protein/kg/day) improve appetite, body weight management, and cardiometabolic risk factors. However, strategies to enhance long-term dietary compliance are necessary to sustain these benefits.
Original paper.
Leidy HJ, Clifton PM, Astrup A, et al. The role of protein in weight loss and maintenance. Am J Clin Nutr 2015;101(6):1320S-1329S. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.084038
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